Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons free essay sample

Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons? BY xcxc28 Ursula K. Le Guin To begin her paper, she expresses This was to be a discussion about dream. Be that as it may, I have not been feeling whimsical of late. This is thoughtful ofa pun with the word dream. Shes not feeling so whimsical in light of the fact that individuals, for the most part Americans as the titles proposes, are reluctant to acknowledge the dream class. She rehashes the word dream a few times in the initial two sections. She may be attempting to make the peruser progressively agreeable ith dream, likewise utilizes comparative words like whimsical and incredible to make the redundancy increasingly powerful. At the point when she says in the title Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons, she truly implies dream and not mythical beasts. This makes the title substantially more fascinating and interests the peruser directly off the bat. She has a well disposed tone, viably making the peruser increasingly alright with dream by and by and less apprehensive. We will compose a custom article test on Why Are Americans Afraid of Dragons? or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The tone changes when she makes reference to moralistic restriction. It at that point turns out to be progressively conceptual as ow shes genuine and needs to really demonstrate a point about the dream and science fiction sort. After her presentation she sets a short section rehashing the title to accentuates it. She is presently saying that she will continue ahead with it. This is viable on the grounds that she rehashes the title and now she can begin new and come to the heart of the matter while as yet having her backstory presentation from the beginning. At the point when she was a youngster, she attempted to take our The Hobbit from the library yet the administrator said that she doesnt feel scapism is useful for kids. This is unexpected on the grounds that when she cites individuals on why they dont read fiction they said Fairy stories are for children and l used to peruse that sci-fi stuff when I was an adolescent, obviously I dont now yet when she was youthful they saved the fiction for grown-ups as it were. Her best line would be Equally, in the businessmans esteem framework, if a demonstration doesn't get a prompt, unmistakable benefit, it has no Justification by any stretch of the imagination. Shes saying that there is no reason for eading sci-fi on the grounds that there is no benefit at long last. Later she says that a specialist may peruse a smash hit, not on the grounds that they appreciate the book but since they can fgure out how it turned out to be such a triumph. She at that point completes the section with a solid similar sounding word usage To the abnormally enchanted psyche of the cash changer. On the off chance that the book youre perusing doesnt have some method of making you increasingly fruitful there is no motivation to peruse it as indicated by the businessmans esteem framework however Americans should Just peruse for pleasure regardless of what class it is.

Child Sexual Abuse and Introduction Prostitution

SCOURGE OF CHILD PROSTITUTION IN THE PHILIPPINES A Research Paper Presented To Dr. Antonio R. Yango College of Arts and Sciences University of Perpetual Help System Laguna In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Course Communication Arts 2 By MARIA MAYBELLE F. GALANG March 2012 Introduction Prostitution is an exhibition of sexual acts exclusively with the end goal of material addition. People prostitute themselves when they award sexual favors to others in return for cash, endowments, or other installment and in this manner utilize their bodies as commodities.In legitimate terms, the word prostitute alludes just to the individuals who connect obviously in such sexual-monetary exchanges, normally for a predetermined total of cash. Whores might be of either sex, however from the beginning of time the dominant part have been ladies, who have normally entered prostitution through compulsion or under financial pressure. (http://www. free-researchpapers. com/dbs/b3/peh277. shtml ) â€Å"Prostitution† to pay for school charges is only one of the numerous appearances of kids in the Philippine substance trade.Nobody truly knows what number of Filipino kids are in the sex exchange, however they could number up to 100,000, as indicated by the International Labor Organization (ILO). Many are enrolled from the regions, their intrigue is the â€Å"freshness† factor. These youngsters are presented to the AIDS infection and explicitly transmitted maladies, while many hazard physical savagery and bombing wellbeing from long and unholy work hours.They experience the ill effects of unsafe mental anxieties, improvement of misshaped values, monetary abuse, absence of adoration and fondness, breakdown of family ties, loss of self-esteem and jeopardized lives on the off chance that they choose to stop. Stunning it might be yet there is a whole other world to kid prostitution than meets the eye. It is only one aspect of the abhorrences day by day served to youn gsters working in what the ILO calls the most noticeably awful type of work, be it in the city or in the ocean. (http://unionssaynotochildlabor. om/inthenews/the-universe of-rp%E2%80%99s-4-million-youngster laborers/) The Optional convention on the offer of kids, kid prostitution and kid erotic entertainment in the Convention on the Rights of the kid expresses that the prostitution of kids or kid prostitution is the training whereby a kid is utilized by others for sexual exercises as a byproduct of compensation or some other type of thought (Article 2(b)). The compensation or other thought could be given to the kid or to another person.Most for the most part, the prostitution of kids implies that a gathering other than the kid profits by a business exchange in which the kid is made accessible for sexual purposes †either an exploiter go-between who controls or administers the youngster's exercises for benefit, or whatever other individual who arranges a trade legitimately with a kid so as to get sexual delight. (http://allafrica. com/stories/200711051563. html) According to Dela Pena, et al. 2004) these are the causes why prostitution is going on, there are the reasons, want to gain large whole of cash, there is an interest, Connivance of police and other law authorization organizations/specialists, poor instruction, wanderers/destitute, and the survivors of assault and other savagery. On the off chance that there are reasons there is additionally a result, First their families are not regarded in their neighborhood, they are the focal point of tattle, they are treated without any ethics or regard, experiencing viciousness the hands of the police and their customers and thought about refuse, enduring physical and mental outcomes and last they are considered as sinful.Every day we observe increasingly more news concerning youngster prostitution, one of the most exceedingly awful types of kid work. It has shockingly become a typical marvel in today’s society however individuals are not yet completely mindful of what it truly implies, what number of individuals are by implication influenced, and what the fundamental results are. A large number of youngsters from poor families are the primary casualties of this marvel, on the grounds that there is a corresponding connection between conservative issues and the spread of kid prostitution: The more unfortunate the nation is, the more predominant the issue is.A overall net of crooks, looking for monetary advantages, attempts to entangle kids and youngsters (fundamentally young ladies), to make a benefit by selling them like merchandise and utilizing their bodies for sexual purposes. Their objectives are youngsters under 18, who live in country territories, where the instructive conditions are deficient. In spite of the fact that the anticipation against youngster prostitution has expanded, it is hard to dispense with this â€Å"black hole†. (http://www. albstudent. albstudent. net/punime/K_Topi2. df) The Paper discusses how these honest and dumbfounded youngsters occupied with such improper business. Viciousness is the immediate effect on the youngsters experiencing this sort of circumstance. These youngsters has various reasons why they picked this sort of calling. Destitution is the larger part motivation behind why they get into it, these days it is sought after, they are a vagrant and destitute, in indecent nature, and the other one is jobless. Consistently, kid abuse deteriorating to worst.To be left destitute and surrendered at 13 years of age with a more youthful sibling to accommodate was a lot for Angelina. Ravenous and miserable, asking food in an open park and no place to go, she discovered expectation and bliss in the extend of two ladies employment opportunity scouts in Angeles City, Pampanga. Angelina showed up with the pimps in Angeles two years back. It was overflowing with fat outsiders strolling the grandiose neon lit roads with lager pa unches as large as a barrel hauling a little youngster by the hand and going to a modest inn. Angelina was presently being prepared to give ‘anything they needed. Having been informed that she would serve drinks, she was put on the bar top with twelve other little youngsters to move in a swimsuit for the gaping craving clients. The ‘Mamasan', her handler, saw that she got paid a little rate for the beverages sold when a client considered her down to sit on his lap and press her again his fat stomach and kiss her with an unshaved face possessing an aroma like lager and bourbon. It repulsed Angelina yet for this she would procure more than what she got for simply revolving around a post to the pulsating exciting music and flashing purple strobe lights.It was more cash than she at any point had in all her years. At that point she was offered an expansion on the off chance that she would go ‘bar-jumping' with a client. She was guaranteed that, that was the whole client needed, be seen with his trophy young lady. (http://web. document. organization/web/20070927192510/http:/www. preda. organization/files/2005/r05030201. html) In explore led in Cebu in 2004, all the cabbies overviewed reacted that they had an experience with an outside vacationer joined by a Filipino minor.Interviews directed in a drop-in place for casualties of business sexual misuse (CSE) demonstrated that 70 percent of the young ladies helped were matured somewhere in the range of 11 and 17 years. Cebuâ is a prime vacationer goal in the Philippines, and is publicized on sites giving data on where sex administrations are accessible. Two years back, an American national was captured as he attempted to leave the US for the Philippines for making courses of action to engage in sexual relations with two Filipino young ladies matured 9 and 12. There are signs that this sort of pre-masterminded kid sex the travel industry happens in the nation, and is exceptionally encouraged by th e Internet.Nationals from Austria, Australia, Belgium, Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, the Netherlands and the United States have been captured in the Philippines for sexual offenses against kids. (http://gvnet. com/childprostitution/Philippines. htm) In Batangas City, a Multi year old young lady names Ana talks and dresses the manner in which young ladies her age do. She wears in vogue garments imitated from models she finds in magazines and TV programs. She additionally wants to have a great time, and to sing. Underneath her grins and bubbly character, in any case, is a youngster in pain.A female selection representative, who guaranteed Ana an occupation as a vendor in Cavite, flew her from her home area of Bukidnon to Manila in January 2006. From that point, she was brought to Cavite and compelled to fill in as a visitor relations official (GRO) in a bar and, in the end, as a whore. With three different young ladies? All minors? Ana was made to work from 4 p. m . till past 12 PM. On the off chance that the young ladies would not collaborate? Steve? A nephew of the bar proprietor, would beat them or splash them with water. Ana’s first clients were Coast Guard individuals who constrained her to engage in sexual relations with them for a fee.She thought about the experience while taking other factors into consideration. It’s OK. I was assaulted by my dad when I was 7 years of age? Ana stated, further uncovering a darker piece of her life. For 10 months, Ana’s life was constrained by the bar proprietors, who offered her like a product to supporters. (Querubin, 2007) A Filipino Girl at the young period of threeâ was compelled to perform oral sex onâ strangers. What's more terrible is that her pimp is her own mom, a medication fiend. The young lady's situation is stunning yet not special, said Dr Jean D'Cunha from the United Nations Development Fund for Women (Unifem).Children of progressively youthful ages are being con strained into prostitution to fuel theâ billion-dollar the travel industry exchange youngster sex, said universal specialists on prostitution and humanâ trafficking at a meeting here. Include the developing number of correspondingly deceived young ladies, and the expertsâ believe that ‘millions' are being dealt worldwide for the sex exchange. They are persuaded the pool isâ swelling, yet couldn't offer complete figures because of the furtive idea of the exchange. (http://web. document. organization/web/20080614060120/http:/www. childexploitation. organization/prostitution6. tml) The specialist led this examination and secured this exploration point is they needed to organize by the administrators this sort of illicit business, to let the administration authorities understood that the nation we have a place is in

Essay Topics - How To Create An Interesting Economic Crisis Essay Topic

Essay Topics - How To Create An Interesting Economic Crisis Essay TopicIf you are an English teacher, one of the best ways to spice up your school day is to assign an economic crisis essay topic. This type of essay question not only involves reading economic articles and reports from online sources, but the creation of a research project on your own time and resources. And how can you manage to make this exciting assignment exciting?The first thing you should consider is the idea that economic crisis essay topics can be very difficult to compose. They demand critical thinking and analysis skills that only someone with a degree in economics could bring to the writing table. You can find many resources that give you valuable tips on how to improve your skills. But don't just take what they say as gospel.Consider how much time and effort you would need to put into the creation of an economic crisis essay topic. In fact, there are numerous professionals that would be willing to help you and for this, you will have to pay them. What would you save by hiring experts? A good economy and stable government institutions, sure.The next thing to consider is how reliable the sources on which the economic crisis topic is based are. It is worth noting that some economic statistics and studies are so unreliable that they are considered as quackery. And this holds true even for reliable sources. You should avoid using newspapers or magazines in which the conclusions are based on false premises.Last but not least, you should avoid plagiarism in the economic crisis essay topics you are going to create. In this regard, you should bear in mind that plagiarism is illegal. Therefore, you should make sure that your work does not fall in the same category. Otherwise, your assignment will just be a waste of time and money.Economics doesn't have one. What I mean is that even if you know the basics of economics, you won't be able to write about it because you do not possess the right skil l set to do so. Now you are probably thinking that this sounds too good to be true.Well, it is true that there are things that cannot be done in the real world, but that does not mean that you can't create economic crisis essays. Make sure you get yourself a good grade. If you can't find your inspiration in the various economic articles and reports you read, then go online and find something better.

Essay about Experience of an Immigrant - 2176 Words

When I was deliberating topics for my case study ethnography report I was inspired to examine some one very close to me who is undocumented, someone whose experience I have seen first hand, some one who has affected my life and understanding of immigrants with his situation; my partner, Mario. This class has exposed us to many writings on the subjects of migration, immigration and emigration. I began to compare the concepts and information in the readings to Mario’s personal situation. I was curious if his answer would be In search of a better life when asked, Why did you come here? By offering personal insights and experiences regarding his/our situation I would like to discuss issues directly related to the expected learning†¦show more content†¦Although some of his brothers and sisters had already moved out and began families of their own, his mother was left to support eight children with no benefits from any Mexican welfare agency or life insurance policies. The remaining family members decided the only way enough money could be made to support them was for some one to go to work in America. With no papers or legal documents one of Mario’s brothers made his way to Los Angeles, California. He found a job working in a garment factory that historically hired undocumented workers at low wages. At that point his family became one of the recipients of the $5 billion dollars of remittances that Mexicans received in 1991 according to the chart presented in the article; Remittances, US Latino Communities, and Development in Latin American Countries i n Migration World News Vol. 28(5) in 2000, written by B. Lindsay Lowell, Rodolfo de la Garza and Mike Hogg. His brother began to regularly send home $100 a month. At his low wages this was a considerable percentage of his income. At this point he mirrored the Tongans in Voyages From Tongan Villages to American Suburbs, written by Cathy A. Small. He mirrored them because he was more likely to assist his family in Mexico then he was to pursue his version of the American dream. The appeal of the large amount of money made in America led another brother to illegally venture into the United States and join his older brotherShow MoreRelated The Experience of Immigrants in the United States Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesThe Experience of Immigrants in the United States Works Cited Not Included The United States has been a host to a wide diaspora of people. Immigrants have had to transition from their familiar land to a new-fashioned foreign land that they must consider home. They bring with them the essence of their initial homeland such as customs, traditions and beliefs that inadvertently change the dynamics of culture within the United States. As a result the United States is an extremely culturallyRead MoreLatinx Traumatic Experiences : Children And Women Immigrants932 Words   |  4 Pagestraumatic experiences children and women immigrants might face, it is peculiar only 34% of Latinx immigrant adults, of which 88% are females, and 29% of Latinx immigrant adolescents experienced a traumatic event according to Perreira 2013. The way Perreira, 2013 was conducted might have influenced the results of the study. There was only a total of 281 participants, some of which were adults and the rest were adolescents. This is a really small sample considering the amount of L atinx immigrants livingRead MoreEssay on The Immigrant Experience: The Anguish of Becoming American1732 Words   |  7 PagesThe Immigrant Experience: The Anguish of Becoming American Immigration from the Early 1990s still affects America today. The people who came to America from different countries brought their traditions, their families, and their culture. These three things stuck with them through thick and thin and are still thriving parts of what America is today. Many immigrants came with literally nothing in their pockets and had to work their way to success. The Immigrant Experience by Thomas Wheeler tellsRead MoreThe Immigrants Experience Through The Graphic Novel The Arrival 1305 Words   |  6 Pages Shaun Tan depicts the immigrant experience through the graphic novel, The Arrival. Tan sets many emotions and thoughts in motion, without using any words. Tan depicts the many challenges immigrants face when venturing to a foreign land for the first time. This graphic novel depict the immigrant experience in a very effective way. Tan does so by using many different methods to demonstrate this experience, the strange language, strange surrounds, and unfa miliar people, are some of the most prominentRead MoreThe Spanish Girl: My Experience as an Immigrant524 Words   |  2 Pagesme, I had to recreate my personality, redefine myself; it was a chance to start over and be anyone I wanted. However, having been forced to move, I was not ready to do so and I failed to overcome the cultural-social barriers. Nevertheless, my experiences as a minority lead to my self-discovery. There are certain things in life that we take for granted, like the ability to speak, express ourselves and be heard; it is only when we do not have them that we learn to value them. It was only four yearsRead MoreWhat is the experience of a Latin American immigrant in the United States?1932 Words   |  8 PagesHave you ever wondered why Latin immigrants come to the U.S.? Do they have any experience with any jobs? Why is the population of Latin immigrants increasing? Many Latin immigrants have moved into the United States which means the Latin Americans population of the immigrant in the United States is increasing. â€Å"The Mexican-born population in the U.S., which had been growing earlier in the decade, was 11.5 million in early 2009† (Passel Cohn 2009) they have come from different countries, such asRead MoreGender And Roles : A Great Deal About The Immigrant Experience991 Words   |  4 Pagesmatte r the time period, and no matter the situation, your gender decides your fate or does it? The theme of gender and how they dictate our roles in society run rampant in Shanghai Girls by Lisa Lee. Lee’s novel covers a great deal about the immigrant experience and the struggles they had to go through to adapt to their new environment but one thing they didn t need to adapt was the parts they played in their families. The importance of this traditional society,where the men are the breadwinners andRead MoreSocial And Interpersonal Stressors Of The Immigrant Parent s Migration Experience Essay966 Words   |  4 Pagesconducted with Latino immigrants on there migration process and acculturation experience, found that this loss of extended family connections and support were among the most significant aspects of the immigrant parent’s migration experience. The loss of a previously established support system for Latino immigrants can also mean the loss of self-identity, as t here is a cultural emphasis placed on collectivism and community rather than individualism, thus for many immigrants it results in anxietyRead MoreFrom Immigrants to Americans - Immigration Experiences from 1865-19902728 Words   |  11 PagesAmerica. 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Chen Ruan Prof. Wright ENG 201 141 March 4, 2009 In Fiesta, 1980 by Junot Diaz, the story begins with a Dominican immigrant family celebrating at a party and waiting for the father of the narrator. He seldom undertakes his parental responsibilities and the responsibility of marriage. In contrast, this fathers

Business Research Ethics Essay - 631 Words

Business Research Ethics Lorna Goldsmit RES/351 Week 2 When it comes to ethical or moral codes, companies need to certify that the company as a whole follows the highest standards of moral codes at all times and for all occasions. In addition, having higher moral standards are important and necessary in business, as well as times of investigation. For this essay, I will be reviewing a case where dishonest business examination procedures were performed by a company. This specific business was unquestionably captivated in immoral research performance. This is a pharmaceutical corporation that operated with a university professor that supplied the required research linked to the medication of flu†¦show more content†¦The immoral analysis certainly had an effect on the company, the entity and also on the general public (Zall, Moyer, Dawson Curtis, 2003). The business was able to obtain a large amount of sponsors and earnings from trading drugs in developed countries. Additionally, Dr. Howard Johnson was immersed in a moral dilemma. He was not able to truthfully expose the investigation for enhanced services of inmates in developing countries. Do to this situation; the public was also unhelpful. With people living in an area succumbed with the flu needed assistance, however, medicine was not provided or accessible to them causing a large amount of people passing away. The business in this case should have had processes with the intent of avoiding immoral practice and taken the information to the public in developing countries. The professor should have also introduced the required information to reveal the findings of his investigation. Still, the professor had signed a privacy agreement with the pharmaceutical corporation at which he should have encouraged the pharmaceutical company to reveal all the statistical information for providing benefits to the public afflicted by the flu. Had the professor taken a more practical and moral attitude to disclose his findings, his immoral act could have been avoided. Br iefly, companies around the world should have a certain standard with procedures to guarantee that the company does notShow MoreRelatedRes 351 Week 2 Business Research Ethics Essay847 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Ethics Grace N. Lockhart RES/351 March 20, 2012 Mr. Charles McMahon Research Ethics Webster’s Dictionary defines ethics as â€Å"a set of moral principles: a theory or system of moral values.† (Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, 2011). Every person has ethics that he or she lives by, but sometimes in the business world many unethical business transactions occur. 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Scandals were happening way too often, so laws and regulations have made adjustments in effort to better prevent the unethical practices. The company, Enron, was a leading reason for some of the changes because it was one of the largest scandals and fastest collapse of an entire corporation. Most individuals that were involved in the fall of Enron have been tried and convicted for their unethicalRead MoreBusiness Research Ethics Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Research Ethics The goal of corporations when incorporating a logo is to be memorable to the consumer and investor. Companies like Nike, Harley-Davidson, and Apple have an instant appeal to the public with their corporate symbolism. The emblem for Chevron with the blue and red â€Å"v- shaped† stripes in a militaristic badge pattern is recognized worldwide as one of the most famous of the six â€Å"supermajor† oil companies. 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Consideration and Benefit Fact and in Law

Question: Discuss about the Consideration and Benefit Fact and in Law. Answer: Introduction: Contracts are the lifeblood of modern commercial transactions and an essential while exchanging promises by two given parties. This is because through legally enforceable contract, it is possible to ensure that the concerned parties tend to comply with their respective promise. For the formation of a legal contract, there are a host of conditions that need to be satisfied. One of the primary conditions in this regard is that there would a valid agreement. Any lawful agreement would arise on the basis of a valid offer by the offeror and valid acceptance by the respective offeree. Yet another condition for the formation of a legally binding contract is the presence of consideration of both the parties involved. Besides, it is also essential that the concerned parties must have intention to be bound in a legal relationship on account of their respective promises. Finally, mutual consent has to be present on part of both parties (i.e. offeree and offeror) and additionally these must have the legal capacity to enact an enforceable contract. This typically involves that the parties must be over 18 years in age, be of sound mind and should not be insolvent. One of the key pre-requisites of contract which draws significant attention is the presence of consideration. Consideration has been defined in Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v Selfridge Co Ltd[3] by Lord Dunedin as any promise, action or forbearance on behalf of one party which tends to act as the price at which the others promise is purchased and therefore such a promise extended for value would be enforceable. While the common law theory tends to highlight the presence of mutual consideration in an enforceable contract as a pre-condition, there is issue with regards to the position in relation to the equivalence of that consideration for both parties. As a result, it becomes critical to access whether mere presence of consideration is sufficient for contract formation or the consideration for both parties needs to be adequate and proportional to their respective contractual obligations. In the wake of the above background, the given essay aims to critically analyse the historical d evelopment of consideration with the key issue being the quantum of consideration required for the contracting parties so as to enact a legal contract. In this regard, various relevant cases would be highlighted which would offer insight into the pertinent arguments and thereby enable us to reach a well-researched conclusion. As per Sir Edward Jenks, the Roman jurists were not aware of the doctrine of consideration. Even in English law, the advent of this doctrine was purely on account of accident as it was introduced as a special proof or incidental consequence. Only when the importance of consideration was understood in this regard, did it gain a prominent position in the substantive law which happened only at the beginning of the 19th century. However, John Wilson Twyford opines that ever since 1809, there has been a provision in the common law as per which any action which a given party is already legally obliged to do would not be considered as good consideration. This has also been observed in the relevant arguments related to the Wigan v Edwards[7] (1974) 1 ALR 497 case. Therefore, any resultant promise which might be received on exchange would not be considered enforceable. Also, over time it has become significant to segregate what is expected to be gained and what is actually gained in return of a given promise as consideration. Besides, the question of sufficiency of consideration has come into prominence only in the 20th century. The doctrine of consideration is an integral part of common law which is the driving force in Commonwealth nations including Australia. Further, it is noteworthy that this doctrine does not find mention in the civil law. One of the theories that offer explanation for the presence of consideration is the bargain theory. This is based on the belief that all contracts are essentially bargains and hence consideration is considered a necessary element. However, the current notion of consideration in the Australian context is not explained using this theory as every contract is essentially not a bargain. Additionally, the bargain theory is at loggerheads with the principle of sufficient consideration which is well accepted in Australian contract law. Besides, there is an alternative viewpoint which tends to view consideration as a mere formality. In this regard, it is noteworthy that besides the US, the courts elsewhere do not tend to distinguish between real and nominal consideration, hence the essential of consideration is merely to indicate the intention to fulfil the promise. However, if consideration was indeed a formality, it would have been more worthwhile to consider it as an additional evidence to be bound in a contractual relation. But the fact, that consideration is a pre-requisite for legal contract highlights the fact that consideration reflects the reason for entering into the contract. As a result, it needs to be deliberated on what would constitute as a valid and sufficient reason for a contract. There are various rules of consideration. One of the key rules in this regard is Pinnel rule as per which the debt repayment in part as the final settlement is not a good consideration to obtain promise regarding balance forgoing. However, there are certain exceptions when this rule does not apply. One of such exceptions exists when the part payment of debt is being done by a third party so as to ensure final settlement as evident in the Hirachand Punamchand v Temple case. Another exception occurs in the case of composite agreement such as the agreement between a particular debtor and outstanding creditors in relation to debt part payment. Additionally, exception is also provided in case of a promissory estoppel which makes the discussion on consideration quite irrelevant. Also, another rule regarding consideration specifies that past consideration is not taken as good consideration and does not lead to enforceable contracts. Besides, in the absence of consideration, the promises are known as gratuitous promises and do not result in enforceable contracts. Another key aspect in relation to consideration is that the consideration needs to be merely sufficient and not adequate. Thus, it implies that the underlying consideration for both parties should have some value but it is not necessary that it should be necessarily equal or comparable. Hence, the promise should have some economic value to be assumed as a valid consideration. This is apparent from the argument in the White v Bluett case. The son Bluett sued the will of his father for the outstanding debt which his father had promised to pay back on his behalf. But the father had demanded that the son should stop complaining. The court highlighted that since to stop complaining does not amount to any real consideration, hence there was no contract between Bluett and his father. However, a contradictory stance was taken in the Dunton v Dunton case where there was a promise by Mr Dunton in relation to extending allowance payments to his former wife provided she behaved in a reasonable m anner i.e. with sobriety. The judge ruled that the consideration was good as the former wife had to give up the liberty of unrespectable behaviour. Further, in case of commercial contracts, the golden rule is caveat emptor. This is primarily because of the buyers position to accurately judge the incentive obtained by consumption of a particular good or service. As a result, the court refrains from commenting on whether the buyer got a nice deal or not in such transactions as the underlying consideration from such decisions are not objective and usually driven by the consumer needs, preferences and circumstances[18]. This is apparent from the observations made by the honourable court in the Woolworths Ltd v Kelly case. The court opined that while a particular thing may not be considered worthwhile by the court but the promisor on account of sentimental reasons or otherwise may consider it valuable. Hence, if there is no evidence so as to indicate that there is an unfair advantage, then the consideration adequacy is not a concern for the court. However, in cases where unconscionable conduct is present on part of one of parties, th en there would be exemption for the buyer and such a contract would be voidable at the behest of the plaintiff as indicated in the Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Amadio case. Additionally, it is significant to note that only motive is not considered sufficient consideration and therefore the consideration should have some value in legal terms. This was highlighted Thomas v Thomas where the widow could reside in the house of the deceased provided she continue to remain a widow, pay 1 as the rent and assume responsibility into the repairs required by the house. The appellant highlighted that there was a lack of consideration but the judges ruled that consideration was indeed present as the widow was paying the rent of 1. However, it was also indicated that merely the motive of retaining wife as widow did not amount to sufficient consideration. Also, in relation to what constitutes as a valid consideration, it could be anything stipulated by the promisor. In this regard, Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co is of significance where the honourable judges held that the contract was enforceable since the inconvenience caused to the plaintiff (Mrs. Carlill) was a sufficient enough consideration. As a result, the defendant has to honour the contract. Another relevant case in this regard is Chappell Co Ltd v Nestle Co Ltd[ As per the judgment in this case, even the chocolate wrappers could serve as a valid consideration if the same is stipulated by the promisor. Hence, it is evident that the purview of what constitutes consideration is basically dependent on the promisor and court merely ascertains that a particular party does not have any unfair advantage. However, the acceptance of promissory estoppel in the Waltons Stores (Interstate) Ltd v Maher has initiated debate with regards to the need and relevance of consideration in contracts. In the given case, the judge opined that for promissory estoppel to be applicable, there needs to a promise made by the promisor and the conduct of the promisor leads to the assumption that the contract would be executed in the future. The promisee tends to rely on this leading to his/her detriment. Thus, in a situation not keeping the promise would amount to unconscionable conduct even though there is not contract that has already been enacted and also consideration is absent. Even though this decision leads to enhancement of the overall purview of estoppel from a defence mechanism to one of attack, but still it does not make presence of consideration in a contract redundant. This is primarily because the promissory estoppel is only valid when the above mentioned conditions are fulfilled and otherwise in executed contracts, consideration is still significant. Further, rather than being a mere formality, the cases discussed clearly highlight that consideration is more of the reason for execution of contract and is essentially subjective in nature given the emphasis of the court on only the sufficiency of consideration while ignoring the adequacy. From the above discussion, it would be fair to conclude that indeed consideration is a complex issue and has undergone tremendous evolution since the origin as a special proof. However, the process is still on and with case judgements and arguments, consideration is still evolving which raises perplexing questions regarding the need and position of consideration in contract law. However, consideration remains to be a critical pre-requisite in the common law. While there are certain theories which do make brave attempt to account for consideration but with the altering scope, it is wise to view consideration as a reason to execute the contract rather than a mere proof of underlying intention to be contractually bound. Also, there are certain rules which define legal consideration which need to be adhered to. On the question of consideration in commercial contracts, it is imperative that the onus lies on the buyer. The courts on their part would ascertain for any unconscionable conduct and presence of some consideration since adequacy is not considered significant. Further, past rulings indicate that while identifying the value of consideration, the viewpoint of promisor is given precedence over that of the court. Bibliography Andrews Neil, Contract Law (Cambridge University Press, 2011) Causa Ernest Lorenzen, and Consideration in the Law of Contracts (1919) XXVIII Yale Law Journal 621 Coote Brian, Consideration and Benefit in Fact and in Law (1990) 3 JCL 23 Edlin Douglas, Common law theory (Cambridge University Press, 2007) Ferdous Syed Robayet, CONSIDERATION OF CONTRACT IN ENGLISH LAW LAW OF BANGLADESH: A COMPARATIVE STUDY (2009) 31 Asian Affairs 20 Hannon Christian, Memorylink v. Motorola: Sufficiency of Consideration in an Assignment (2015) 98 JPTOS 54 McKendrick Ewan, Contract Law, (Palgrave, 2007) Ricks Val, The Sophisticated Doctrine of Consideration (2001) 9 GMLR 99. Taylor Richard and Damian Taylor, Contract Law (Oxford University Press, 2015) Wright Lord, Ought the Doctrine of Consideration to be Abolished from the Common Law? (1936) 49 Harvard Law Review 1225 Tyre Co Ltd v Selfridge Co Ltd [1915] AC 847 Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co [1893] 1 QB 256; [1892] EWCA Civ 1 Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Amadio (1983) 151 CLR 447 Chappell Co Ltd v Nestle Co Ltd [1960] AC 87 Dunton v Dunton (1892) 18 VLR 114 Hirachand Punamchand v Temple [1911] 2 KB Thomas v Thomas [1842] 2 QB 851, 114 ER 330 Waltons Stores (Interstate) Ltd v Maher (1988) 164 CLR 387 [1988] HCA 7; (1988) 76 ALR 513 White v Bluett (1853) 23 LJ Ex 36 Wigan v Edwards (1974) 1 ALR 497 Woolworths Ltd v Kelly (1991) 22 NSWLR 189

The World Without us an Example by

The World Without us by Expert Jayjay1 | 27 Dec 2016 Introduction: What would be the developments to follow on Planet Earth, in the absence of human beings? Need essay sample on "The World Without us" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Sages meditated for Ages; the wise-men wrote millions of pages; kings and statesmen gave brilliant speechesabout joy and happiness, that has eluded the mankind in the known history. What a profound mystery! The pages of human history, daubed in bloodshed, very recently that of World War I enough. These alone are enough. Well, if peace is not possible for humanity, what is the alternative? Alan Weisman seems to have the answer. University Students Very Often Tell Us: Who wants to write assignment for me? Specialists propose: Find Brilliant Papers For Sale Here Online Essay Helper Cheap Essay Writing Service Pay For College Essays Essay Writing Help Company His poser is, what will happen, if human beings are bundled out from Earth, lock, stock and barrel? He is trying to find the answer with methodical investigations. He has provided certain very interesting observations and he describes the eventualities that are likely to happen in this human-race-less planet when the census figures related to human population is a big zero Well, the torch has been passed on to non- human beings. Now it depends what they will do, with what we have left, and from where we have left. Rest would be a novel history (But who will report it and who will record it?)Rest would be Planet Earths destiny. Such species , which were so far under the protective wings of the human beings, will be run over by the enemies of human beings. One positive, unfailing development is, it is peace at last. Less noise, no pollution, no rat-race, no cut-throat competition, all the negativities which are the hallmark of human race will vanish from the face of Earth. Mother Earth will be bored, but temporarily. Weisman met and interviewed engineers, naturalists, scientists and maintenance workers, who make and unmake the developments on Earth, and collected valuable information. His research was all-embracing. He was aware of the importance of a microbe so also a giant whale, in the natures scheme of things. Each leaf has an assigned role. Small and big things have a path laid down for them. His conclusions were both amazing and made an inconvenient reading for the human beings. Anyway, they have bid farewell to the Earth and hence no worry on this count. The contents of the book have set many thinking about the damage that they have been causing, some without being aware of the consequences of their actions. Weisman writes, The plastics chapter really hit people between the eyes. A lot of women have told me that they are utterly appalled to learn that they have been flushing plastic down the drain that has gone out to sea [from exfoliates that contain polyethylene]. Actually eliminating plastic would be very easy. (Weisman, 2007).Human beings think that they can go scot-free and do anything. Nature is that Force, which will never condone ones wrong actions. You have to suffer for your wrong actions. Nature doesnt entertain mercy petitions. Sky is the limit for Weismans imagination. But it is not that alone. His reporting is scientifically solid. On many issues it is based on facts. An able sociologist and philosopher writes in all seriousness. A man of concern for the ecological issues and a man of reason! Some of the changes that will soon follow upon the evacuation of human beings from Earth are worth enumeration. Weisman says, after some days, with no one to man the pumps, Manhattans subways dry would fail; tunnels will overflow; the soil under streets will be a major threat to the tall skyscrapers, whose life s otherwise, many centuries. They will begin to crumble. Indestructible plastic and goods made out of bronze will survive for millions of years. He gives the example of Chernobyl, where scientists thought that it is all over for this part of the world, but the land freed from the greed of man, animal life has comfortably returned. The tragedy happened in 1986 and within a short period of two decades, nature has reconstituted itself, and is on the upbeat again. There is another wonder for everyone to see. In the vacant demilitarized zone between North and South Korea, the once extinct Amur leopard and goral mountain goat, have reappeared. With human beings gone, Nature will carry out many a reformation and rehabilitation activities and will make all out efforts to recoup its original health! Weisman says that the Earth will look like the haunted house, but will it be really so? The Nature will redress herself, and she is unlikely to shed any tears for the absence of human beings, for they have done more damage to her than any benefit. Human beings have always exploited her for self-aggrandizement. With their departure the trees will have the freedom to grow wherever they like and find the comfort of unlimited growth. As for the animal kingdom, the domesticated dogs will be extinct before long; the wild predators have been bidding their time. The petrochemical complexes at Texas, with none to care, might be on fire, hydrogen cyanide will be blown all over, and there could be a rain of chemicals. As for the polymer waste, the nature will in all probability give evidence of the polymer-eating microbe. Then fish and bird population will multiply to unimaginable counts. Planet Earth will look like a big wildlife sanctuary. For the really concerned human being, the book has many thoughts to ponder and questions to answer. In all probability, he will change some of his lifestyles. He will also repent how cruel he has been to the systems of nature and how resilient and benevolent is Nature. How many human follies it has condoned. In the name of industrialization and advancement of materialistic civilization, how he has been engaged in destructive projects, and continues to commit some of the greatest and unpardonable blunders like, tearing the peaks of mountains, dumping plastic waste in beautiful and blue waters of the oceans, challenging the climate with carbon emissionis this progress and welfare in the real sense? Oh, man wake up. You are cutting the branch of the tree on which you are sitting. The book is the cautionary one that advises human beings not to draw too much upon the generosity and goodwill of Earth. If the torch of survival of humanity is to be carried further, its time we pause for a while and think about the future plans. It now depends what we do with what our forefathers have left and from where they have left. Any complacency is peril. Though this is an environmental book, it is a must for the politicians, sociologists and above all scientists. God forbid, atom bombs and hydrogen bombs are not necessary for the ultimate destruction of humanity. Without declaring World War III, we are already at war with ourselves. The humanity has played with many theoretical juggleries. Now it is time for concrete action. Conclusion: It can be said that man collectively shrinks back more and more from Earth, and it can also be said that on all sides the natural forces are closing in more and more upon man. A life time of effort is required and at this hour, man should not fail in his duty towards Earth. He should not shrink back. It is difficult, but not to take the principled position now is to invite more difficulties. In the final chapter Weisman comes out with a suggestion which has been aired in this or that part of the world quite often. It is the one child per family norm. According to him, it is the only solution to save humanity. This will raise controversy and may not be acceptable as a policy in many countries. But it could be one of the suggestions for consideration. Weisman writes well. His prose is appealing and charming. The subject matter of the book is new, the narrations beautiful and therefore this becomes a rare creation. The author has dealt with this unique topic in his lucid style, and as the story develops, it becomes poignant, without losing its ground and reality. The theme of the book and the authors attitude towards the story, both evoke curiosity. The level of detachment achieved by the author in the book is commendable. Without giving room for too much sentimentalism, the grim situation on Plant Earth manifests clearly, grows and attains new dimensions. The novel deserves an outstanding position on account of this approach. The mutual reaction between different subjects and situations, reveal in the most natural way, the convictions for which the book stands for. This is the uniqueness of the book. As he shows which human devastations are indelible, and which examples of our highest art and culture would endure longest, Weisman's narrative ultimately drives toward a radical but persuasive solution that doesn't depend on our demise. It appeals to the heart and in posing an irresistible concept with both gravity and a highly-readable touch, it looks deeply at our effects on the planet in a way that no other book has.(NHBS.)..Many of the observations of Weisman have the philosophical approach to life and reach the threshold of spirituality. References Cited: Weisman, Alan, Book: The World Without Us NHBS Article: The World Without Us - Alan Weisman. www.nhbs.com/the_world_without_us_tefno_154524.html - 19k, Retrieved on December 5,2007. Weisman, Alan, Article: Alan Weisman on 'The World Without Us' www.calendarlive.com/books/cl-ca-weisman14oct14,0,4670137.story?track=rss - 33k - October 14, 2007. Retrieved on December 5, 2007